Beryllium - Production, Reserves & Supply Concentration
A lightweight metal used in aerospace, specialised alloys and instruments.USGS publishes country mine output measured by beryllium content, alongside reserve and industry context in the mineral chapter.
Beryllium Global Production & Country Share
Measure: Mine production (metric tons)
Beryllium Production by Country (2020-2025)
Mine production · Unit: metric tons
| Rank | Country | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025e | Share | 5Y Chg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | United States | - | - | - | - | 230 | 230 | 53.5% | - |
| #2 | Brazil | 3 | 3 | 40 | 40 | 80 | 80 | 18.6% | +2566.7% |
| #3 | China | 70 | 71 | 70 | 74 | 78 | 77 | 17.9% | +10.0% |
| #4 | Nigeria | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 40 | 40 | 9.3% | +3900.0% |
| #5 | Mozambique | 3 | 13 | 25 | 24 | 3 | 3 | 0.7% | 0.0% |
| #6 | Madagascar | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.2% | 0.0% |
| #6 | Rwanda | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.2% | 0.0% |
| - | World Total | 250 | 272 | 313 | 330 | 433 | 430 | 100.0% | +72.0% |
U.S. Supply, Consumption & Net Import Reliance (2021-2025)
| Salient Measure | Unit | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025e |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beryllium: Production, mine shipments | metric tons | 175 | 175 | 185 | 230 | 230 |
| Beryllium: Imports for consumption | metric tons | 49 | 39 | 25 | 16 | 10 |
| Beryllium: Exports | metric tons | 30 | 59 | 68 | 26 | 15 |
| Beryllium: Consumption: Apparent | metric tons | 196 | 189 | 142 | 220 | 230 |
| Beryllium: Consumption: Reported, ore | metric tons | 170 | 170 | 180 | 180 | 180 |
| Beryllium: U.S. Net Import Reliance | % of consumption | 11% | 7% | Net Exporter (E) | Net Exporter (E) | Net Exporter (E) |
Frequently Asked Questions - Beryllium
Which country leads beryllium production (mine production)?
United States leads the 2025 USGS country table for mine production, with 230 metric tons (estimated) (53.5% of the reported world total). World output was 430 metric tons in 2025.
Does USGS publish a country reserve ranking for beryllium?
The USGS chapter describes the available reserve information. USGS publishes country mine output measured by beryllium content, alongside reserve and industry context in the mineral chapter.
What is US net import reliance and import sourcing for beryllium?
In 2025, the United States was a net exporter ('E') for net import reliance as a percentage of apparent consumption. Across 2021-24, leading US import sources (All) were Kazakhstan (31%), Latvia (25%), Japan (19%).
How is beryllium classified on the US Critical Minerals List and what are its primary uses?
Status: Listed on 2025 US List (2022 & 2025 lists). Primary applications cited in USGS summaries include: Aerospace structural components, defense optics, X-ray windows, and copper-beryllium electronic connectors. Beryllium is extracted from bertrandite and beryl ores and processed into beryllium hydroxide, metal, alloys, and oxide ceramics. Country mine figures measure contained beryllium metal.