p.47Sb
Antimony - Production, Reserves & Supply Concentration
A metalloid used in flame retardants, lead alloys and specialised industrial materials.Production and reserves are measured by antimony content. The country tables show mine output and the location of the reserve base.
Embed this interactive figure on your website or research note:
2025 World Output110,000metric tons
5Y Output Growth-0.9%2020 to 2025e
#1 Producing NationChina36.4% world share
Top-3 Share / HHI85.5%HHI: 2,616
World Reserves2,000,000R/P Life: 18.2 yrs
U.S. Import Reliance91%2025 USGS Salient
2025 Global Supply Concentration Breakdown (Mine production)
Top 3 Producers = 85.5% of World Output
#1China:36.4% (40,000metric tons)
#2Russia:29.1% (32,000metric tons)
#3Tajikistan:20.0% (22,000metric tons)
Rest of World: 14.5%
Sb
FIG. 47 · Aerospace & Defense
Antimony Global Production & Country Share
Measure: Mine production (metric tons)
#9 Kyrgyzstan
700 0.6%
Loading geological series...
TABLE 1 · MULTI-YEAR EXTRACTION / REFINING LEDGER
Antimony Production by Country (2020-2025)
Mine production · Unit: metric tons
| Rank | Country | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025e | Share | 5Y Chg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | China | 61,000 | 61,000 | 40,000 | 40,000 | 40,000 | 40,000 | 36.4% | -34.4% |
| #2 | Russia | - | - | 4,300 | 4,300 | 40,000 | 32,000 | 29.1% | - |
| #3 | Tajikistan | 13,000 | 16,800 | 21,000 | 21,000 | 22,000 | 22,000 | 20.0% | +69.2% |
| #4 | Bolivia | 2,600 | 2,600 | 3,000 | 3,000 | 5,300 | 5,000 | 4.5% | +92.3% |
| #5 | Myanmar | 2,200 | 4,600 | 4,600 | 4,600 | 4,500 | 4,500 | 4.1% | +104.5% |
| #6 | Türkiye | 1,330 | 1,300 | 5,800 | 6,000 | 3,000 | 3,000 | 2.7% | +125.6% |
| #7 | Australia | 3,900 | 4,000 | 2,290 | 2,300 | 1,270 | 1,300 | 1.2% | -66.7% |
| #8 | Kazakhstan | 100 | 100 | 300 | 300 | 800 | 800 | 0.7% | +700.0% |
| #9 | Kyrgyzstan | 0 | 0 | 40 | 40 | 700 | 700 | 0.6% | - |
| #10 | Mexico | 700 | 750 | 700 | 700 | 600 | 600 | 0.5% | -14.3% |
| #11 | Pakistan | 17 | 66 | 79 | 80 | 260 | 260 | 0.2% | +1429.4% |
| #12 | Vietnam | 390 | 310 | 250 | 250 | 220 | 220 | 0.2% | -43.6% |
| #13 | Laos | - | - | 220 | 220 | 200 | 200 | 0.2% | - |
| #14 | Iran | 400 | 400 | 500 | 500 | 90 | 90 | 0.1% | -77.5% |
| #15 | Guatemala | 80 | 80 | 24 | 24 | 50 | 50 | 0.0% | -37.5% |
| - | World Total | 111,000 | 112,000 | 83,100 | 83,000 | 119,000 | 110,000 | 100.0% | -0.9% |
TABLE 2 · ECONOMICALLY RECOVERABLE RESERVES
Antimony Proven Reserves by Country (2025)
Basis: Reserves · Unit: metric tons · Global Implied Reserve Life: 18.2 years
| Rank | Country | Reserves (metric tons) | World Share | USGS Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | China | 830,000 | - | See Appendix C for resource and reserve definitions and information concerning data sources. |
| #2 | Russia | 350,000 | - | See Appendix C for resource and reserve definitions and information concerning data sources. |
| #3 | Bolivia | 310,000 | - | See Appendix C for resource and reserve definitions and information concerning data sources. |
| #4 | Kyrgyzstan | 260,000 | - | See Appendix C for resource and reserve definitions and information concerning data sources. |
| #5 | Myanmar | 140,000 | - | See Appendix C for resource and reserve definitions and information concerning data sources. |
| #6 | Australia | 110,000 | - | See Appendix C for resource and reserve definitions and information concerning data sources. - For Australia, Joint Ore Reserves Committee-compliant or equivalent reserves were 11,000 tons. |
| #7 | Türkiye | 99,000 | - | See Appendix C for resource and reserve definitions and information concerning data sources. |
| #8 | Canada | 78,000 | - | See Appendix C for resource and reserve definitions and information concerning data sources. |
| #9 | United States | 60,000 | - | See Appendix C for resource and reserve definitions and information concerning data sources. - Company-reported probable reserves for the Stibnite Gold Project in Idaho. |
| #9 | Tajikistan | 60,000 | - | See Appendix C for resource and reserve definitions and information concerning data sources. |
| #11 | Vietnam | 54,000 | - | See Appendix C for resource and reserve definitions and information concerning data sources. |
| #12 | Pakistan | 26,000 | - | See Appendix C for resource and reserve definitions and information concerning data sources. |
| #13 | Mexico | 18,000 | - | See Appendix C for resource and reserve definitions and information concerning data sources. |
| - | World Total Reserves | 2,000,000 | 100.0% | See Appendix C for resource and reserve definitions and information concerning data sources. - In addition to the countries listed, antimony may have been produced in other countries, but available information was inadequate to make reliable estimates of output. Does not include production in the United States. |
TABLE 3 · UNITED STATES SALIENT STATISTICS
U.S. Supply, Consumption & Net Import Reliance (2021-2025)
| Salient Measure | Unit | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025e |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antimony: Production: Mine (recoverable antimony) | metric tons | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | W |
| Antimony: Production, Smelter: Primary | metric tons | 0 | 586 | 452 | 588 | 700 |
| Antimony: Production, Smelter: Secondary | metric tons | 4,050 | 4,100 | 3,490 | 3,330 | 3,500 |
| Antimony: Imports for consumption: Ore and concentrates | metric tons | 31 | 29 | 6 | 430 | 600 |
| Antimony: Imports for consumption: Oxide | metric tons | 19,100 | 17,000 | 14,000 | 24,000 | 39,000 |
| Antimony: Imports for consumption: Unwrought, powder | metric tons | 6,970 | 6,510 | 6,060 | 4,920 | 4,500 |
| Antimony: Imports for consumption: Antimony articles | metric tons | 514 | 1,790 | 1,620 | 323 | 350 |
| Antimony: Imports for consumption: Waste and scrap | metric tons | 13 | 71 | 3 | 13 | 200 |
| Antimony: Exports: Ore and concentrates | metric tons | 9 | 53 | 24 | 0 | 5 |
| Antimony: Exports: Oxide | metric tons | 1,530 | 2,430 | 1,740 | 2,690 | 2,900 |
| Antimony: Exports: Unwrought, powder | metric tons | 824 | 1,230 | 1,510 | 1,570 | 240 |
| Antimony: Exports: Antimony articles | metric tons | 97 | 585 | 433 | 125 | 130 |
| Antimony: Exports: Waste and scrap | metric tons | 136 | 26 | 2 | 40 | 6 |
| Antimony: Consumption, apparent | metric tons | 27,800 | 24,500 | 20,700 | 28,600 | 45,000 |
| Antimony: U.S. Net Import Reliance | % of consumption | 85% | 81% | 81% | 86% | 91% |
REFERENCE Q&A
Frequently Asked Questions - Antimony
Which country leads antimony production (mine production)?
China leads the 2025 USGS country table for mine production, with 40,000 metric tons (estimated) (36.4% of the reported world total). World output was 110,000 metric tons in 2025.
Which country holds the largest reported antimony reserves?
China ranks first in the USGS reserve table, with 830,000 metric tons (Reserves) against a reported world total of >2,000,000 metric tons.
What is US net import reliance and import sourcing for antimony?
In 2025, US net import reliance was reported at 91% (Net import reliance as a percentage of apparent consumption). Across 2021-24, leading US import sources (Ore and concentrates) were Mexico (86%), Italy (9%), Other countries (5%).
How is antimony classified on the US Critical Minerals List and what are its primary uses?
Status: Listed on 2025 US List (2022 & 2025 lists). Primary applications cited in USGS summaries include: Flame retardants, lead-acid battery alloys, defense munitions, and specialty chemicals. Antimony is mined primarily from stibnite ores and recovered as a byproduct of lead-zinc smelting. Mine output of antimony content is distinct from downstream antimony trioxide and metal refining.