Arsenic - Production, Reserves & Supply Concentration
A metalloid used in semiconductor compounds and industrial chemicals.Production is measured as arsenic trioxide, gross weight, reflecting the industrial product reported by USGS.
Arsenic Global Production & Country Share
Measure: Production (arsenic trioxide, gross weight) (metric tons)
Arsenic Production by Country (2020-2025)
Production (arsenic trioxide, gross weight) · Unit: metric tons
| Rank | Country | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025e | Share | 5Y Chg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | Peru | 27,000 | 27,000 | 27,000 | 27,000 | 31,000 | 30,000 | 49.2% | +11.1% |
| #2 | China | 24,000 | 24,000 | 24,000 | 24,000 | 24,000 | 24,000 | 39.3% | 0.0% |
| #3 | Morocco | 7,700 | 6,880 | 7,500 | 8,000 | 6,000 | 5,000 | 8.2% | -35.1% |
| #4 | Belgium | 1,000 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 1.6% | 0.0% |
| #5 | Russia | 120 | 1,000 | 500 | 200 | 500 | 500 | 0.8% | +316.7% |
| - | World Total | 60,000 | 60,000 | 60,100 | 60,000 | 62,500 | 61,000 | 100.0% | +1.7% |
U.S. Supply, Consumption & Net Import Reliance (2021-2025)
| Salient Measure | Unit | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025e |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arsenic: Imports for consumption: Arsenic metal | metric tons | 835 | 896 | 612 | 533 | 740 |
| Arsenic: Imports for consumption: Compounds | metric tons | 4,730 | 9,190 | 5,810 | 9,070 | 5,500 |
| Arsenic: Imports for consumption: Total | metric tons | 5,560 | 10,100 | 6,430 | 9,610 | 6,300 |
| Arsenic: Exports, arsenic metal | metric tons | 31 | 82 | 34 | 138 | 51 |
| Arsenic: Consumption, estimated, all forms of arsenic | metric tons | 5,560 | 10,100 | 6,430 | 9,610 | 6,300 |
| Arsenic: U.S. Net Import Reliance | % of consumption | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% |
Frequently Asked Questions - Arsenic
Which country leads arsenic production (production (arsenic trioxide, gross weight))?
Peru leads the 2025 USGS country table for production (arsenic trioxide, gross weight), with 30,000 metric tons (estimated) (49.2% of the reported world total). World output was 61,000 metric tons in 2025.
Does USGS publish a country reserve ranking for arsenic?
The USGS chapter describes the available reserve information. Production is measured as arsenic trioxide, gross weight, reflecting the industrial product reported by USGS.
What is US net import reliance and import sourcing for arsenic?
In 2025, US net import reliance was reported at 100% (Net import reliance as a percentage of estimated consumption, all forms of arsenic). Across 2021-24, leading US import sources (Arsenic acid) were Malaysia (99%), Other countries (1%).
How is arsenic classified on the US Critical Minerals List and what are its primary uses?
Status: Listed on 2025 US List (Retained from 2022 list). Primary applications cited in USGS summaries include: Gallium-arsenide and indium-gallium-arsenide semiconductors, wood preservatives, and agricultural chemicals. Commercial arsenic is recovered primarily from smelter flue dust generated during copper, gold, and lead refining rather than dedicated arsenic mines. USGS tables track arsenic trioxide gross weight.